The best way to learn to spot a conspiracy theory is to make one yourself.
Pick a real news story. On the next step you'll choose who's behind it and why. Then walk through the four moves real conspiracists use, with a debunk on every step.
Choose whichever real-feeling headline your imagination will run wildest with. Don't overthink it.

The YouGov–Cambridge Globalism Project survey finds growing public willingness to support Taiwan if China used force. That backing is strongest in anglophone countries and visible in some other regions too. Respondents make distinctions between hard military assistance, like weapons and troops, and softer forms of support such as sanctions or humanitarian aid, so public readiness varies depending on the type of help and the perceived risks of intervention.

Spain's annual Tomatina festival draws thousands each year to the town of Buñol, where participants playfully pelt one another with overripe tomatoes. This year about 15,000 people, many tourists, threw roughly 120 tonnes of fruit, turning streets and buildings into red pulp. The event lasts about an hour, and people commonly wear goggles and old clothes; there is a small participation fee of about €12 to help manage the crowd.

Ellis Pinsky, who grew up in Irvington, New York, has been linked to a large cryptocurrency theft that investigators say happened when he was 15. Authorities allege he orchestrated the theft of about $23.8 million in digital assets. By May 2020, masked intruders were reportedly trying to access some of the stolen funds, but Pinsky apparently no longer had the money. The case attracted attention because of the amount and the age of the alleged organizer.

British intelligence services have asked lawmakers to change surveillance rules so they can use personal data to train artificial intelligence systems. The agencies say current safeguards and legal limits prevent them from applying modern AI tools to very large datasets, which they argue reduces their ability to detect threats and process communications quickly. They are proposing legal adjustments to allow broader automated analysis while keeping some privacy protections in place.