The best way to learn to spot a conspiracy theory is to make one yourself.
Pick a real news story. On the next step you'll choose who's behind it and why. Then walk through the four moves real conspiracists use, with a debunk on every step.
Choose whichever real-feeling headline your imagination will run wildest with. Don't overthink it.

CPAC Hungary, the Budapest edition of the Conservative Political Action Conference, gathered American and European conservative activists, politicians, and commentators to discuss what organizers called the decline of Western civilization. Sessions focused on immigration, resistance to progressive social policies, and critiques of liberal democracy. Hungary’s prime minister Viktor Orbán was a prominent speaker, and some remarks echoed the “great replacement” language while emphasizing national sovereignty and cultural preservation.

Comedy writers and performers say telling a good joke is harder than it looks: timing and delivery can make or break a punchline. Jokes work by surprising the listener with an unexpected twist, clever wordplay, or absurd imagery that creates a vivid mental picture. Short, sharp jokes often land best because they set up an idea quickly and then flip it — for example, an Edinburgh Fringe-winning pun: "I started dating a zookeeper, but it turned out he was a cheetah."

Meta, the company that owns Facebook and Instagram, says it will start asking users in the European Union for permission to show personalized advertising. The move follows regulatory rulings that challenged Meta’s data-collection methods for targeted ads. Rather than relying on a “legitimate interest” justification, Meta has conceded it must obtain explicit consent under EU data-protection rules before using people’s personal data to tailor ads on its platforms.

Researchers led by Itzhak Khait at Tel Aviv University have found that some plants produce audible, high-frequency sounds when they are stressed or damaged. The team tested tomato and tobacco plants and recorded ultrasonic clicks that arise during drought stress or after cutting. Sensitive microphones and acoustic analysis allowed detection of these sounds from as far as five meters, suggesting plants may broadcast information about their physical condition.