The best way to learn to spot a conspiracy theory is to make one yourself.
Pick a real news story. On the next step you'll choose who's behind it and why. Then walk through the four moves real conspiracists use, with a debunk on every step.
Choose whichever real-feeling headline your imagination will run wildest with. Don't overthink it.

Workers installing hammock poles on Michigan State University's campus in August 2023 unexpectedly unearthed the buried stone foundation of an old observatory. Built in 1881 and demolished in the 1920s, the small structure had been covered over for decades. Archaeologists and university staff identified the masonry as part of that 19th-century building, making it a notable historical find on a modern college lawn.

As clocks move forward each spring across the northern hemisphere, debates over daylight saving time continue in several Western European countries. YouGov's Eurotrack survey asked people in Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Sweden whether their country should stop switching clocks twice a year. Responses vary widely: 75% of Germans want to end the practice, while Italy is the only country where a majority (56%) prefers to keep changing the clocks. Britain and Spain were narrowly divided on the question.

Sarah Ogilvie’s The Dictionary People tells the story of the people who built the Oxford English Dictionary by collecting words, quotations, and regional usages. Ogilvie, a linguist, shows that the OED was not made by a single team in isolation but by thousands of volunteers who sent slips of paper and examples from newspapers, books, and everyday speech. The book explains how this wide network of contributors helped record English across time and place.

Scientists presented results from the OPERA study showing artificial intelligence can analyze heart ultrasound scans in about one minute, compared with roughly 30 minutes for trained human experts. The project, led by the University of Glasgow in partnership with AstraZeneca and NHS trusts including Greater Glasgow & Clyde and the Golden Jubilee, demonstrated the AI’s ability to interpret echocardiograms quickly and consistently during a presentation at the European Society of Cardiology conference in Amsterdam.